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Foelix ſcelus, Querela piorum, ET Auſcultatio Divina; OR, Proſpering prophaneneſs provo­king Holy conference, and Gods Attention, in which you have

  • The Happy eſtate of the wicked,
  • The Holy exerciſe of the godly,
  • The Hazard and event of both.

Plainly propounded in ſundry ſermons preached at Botolphs Algate London: and after con­tracted in two ſermons preached in Peters Church in Weſt-Cheſter, July 17. 1659.

Now publiſhed to the counſell and confirmation of the godly; and check of the falſe ſurmiſes and reports of the wicked.

By ZACHARY CROFTON.

Job. 1.5. He that is ready to ſlip with his feet, is as a Lamp deſpiſed in the thought of him that is at eaſe.

ver. 6. The Tabernacles of the robbers proſper, and they that provoke God are ſecure, into whoſe hand God bringeth abundantly.

Pſal. 44.17. All this is come upon us: yet have we not forgotten thee; neither have we dealt falſly in thy covenant.

Pſal. 12.5. For the oppreſſion of the poor, for the ſighing of the needy, now will I ariſe ſaith the Lord, to ſet him in ſafety from him who puffeth at him.

London, Printed for Tho. Parkhurſt at the three Crowns athe lower end of Cheapſide, 1660.

To the Right worſhipfull the Major, Bayliffs, and Bur­geſſes of the ancient Corpo­ration of Newcaſtle Un­derline in Staffordſhire.

Right worſhipfull and well beloved,

AMongſt my many friends, I have at this time made bold to prefixe your names to this ſmall tract: you have been my people, and I doubt not, but will bee my patrons; you have already appeared my purgators from the reproa­ches, which hereticall rage hath raiſed againſt me: yet that is not the end of this Dedication, the truth is Gods, and I doubt not his defence of it, and its Author, but to expreſs my hearty af­fections towards you, I think I may ſay you know I love you: I hope to rejoyce in many ſouls among you as ſeales of my Miniſtry: I cannot but let the world know, my Miniſtry afforded me moſt comfort among you; The Lord forgive the ſin of ſuch as divided between me and you, as my love is to you, my care is for you. A peo­ple you are obnoxious to temptation, & converſant in holy cōference; & ſo ſit for theſe inſtructions: you are ſub­ject to the ſame providences with other men, and no leſs apt to be ſwayed by them againſt divine precepts: your ſchiſmaticall neigh­bours ſtudying to ſeduce you, will (without doubt) ply you with the arguments of providence: and the luke­warmneſs to, and ſlighty re­ceſſion from holy Ordinan­ces of many among you; the Skepticiſme of others who change their tune with the time and company, the ſe­paration already made by ſome, and the Erraſtianiſme of others, making the Church no other then the Common-wealth in a reli­gious dreſs, decked by the looking glaſs of the civill Magiſtrates mind: The at­tendance of the allegiance of ſome of you on whomſo­ever by a providence, though never ſo prophanely can ſtep into a chair of State; but eſpecially the late diſ­cords which have fallen out between you and your Mi­niſters, & the rather (for that as I have heard) your Town hall hath (though but for a time, and that it may bee by connivance too) become a Chappell of contradiction to your Church, wherein the Lords day was ſpent in a different worſhip, to what you profeſs; cannot but make me fear, that you too much incline to dance after providence, beyond what God alloweth, & Scriptures doth direct: I muſt confeſs if providence muſt be our rule, univerſall toleration, nay, rather protection & propa­gation of ſchime, error, and hereſie, muſt be our duty, but I would deſire that you may know the providences of God may diſpoſe our condi­tion, but not direct our con­verſation. I would beg you, to approve your ſelves obe­dient to Scripture precepts whilſt obſervant of ſucceſſe­full providences; as ſen­ſible that one divine direction will afford more comfort in evil times then all providen­tiall diſpenſations: notwith­ſtanding therefore, your eyes ſee to the trouble of your ſouls, men of Atheiſme, & irreligion, perfidie & per­jurie, ſchiſme & ſacriledge, ſubverting all civill Magi­ſtracie, ſupplanting Goſpel order, blaſpheming Gods truth, and ordinances; ma­king ſchiſmes in, and from Chriſt his Church; and ſet­ting up themſelves by ſin­full projects, and violent intruſion into Church and State, yet proſper in this pro­phaneneſs, tempting God by ſtout words and religiouſly eſpouſing him by faſting & prayers unto their horrid impieties, and yet are deliver­ed be you carefull you do not admire providence into illogicall and irreligious con­cluſions: I would not dar­ken any the diſpenſations of God to our Land, but wiſh that in our revolutions all men may read that God ruleth in the kingdoms of men, he pulleth down and ſetteth up by bis own ſoveraignty: but my work and endeavour is to direct men to the righhusbanding of providence, that ſucceſsfull ſin may not be lifted up, with the crie of ſanctity, nor oppreſſed loy­alty, juſtice, and piety, bee dejected, deſpiſed, and diſowned: We live in changing days, and therein great is the cry of providence the godly are cenſured for not dancing after provi­dence into Jeroboams chan­ges in Church and State: whilſt palpable & poſitive prophaneneſs is pleaded for as piety and generation-work of God: I pray you conſi­der ſad are the changes which are onely defended by after providences: alteration may be of divine appointment, yet diſowned by God, when effected by mens ſinfull ac­compliſhments, they have ſet up Kings but not by mee, ſaith God, in a caſe againſt which Iſrael muſt not fight, for this thing is from the Lord, 1 King. 12.21. Hoſ. 8.4. It will never content a gracious heart to attain an end of Gods appointment, unleſs by means of Gods approvement: anointed Da­vid, provoked by perſecuti­on, durſt not cut his way to the throne, his heart ſmote him for cutting the lap of Sauls garment, when pro­vidence put his head into his power. Jeroboam for catching a Kingdom by a providence beareth this brand, Jeroboam who made Iſrael to ſin; better it is to wait on, & walk with God in affliction, then be the ſub­jects of ſuch providences, to wander with David in a wilderneſs til God cleer the throne; then with Jerobo­am by perfidie, ſedition, & rebellion to rend away a Kingdom, and poſſeſſe it themſelves, though this condition be of divine ap­pointment.

But (beloved Sirs) that I may not too long parley with you at the threſhold, ſhall I be bold in the name of the Lord to propound unto you ſome few duties to be done by you in ſuch days of providence? ſhall I beg that in theſe evill times you will obſerve theſe four directions?

1. Propound the word, not providence of God as the rea­ſon of your faith and rule of converſation. This, not that, is appointed to this end: Jeſus Chriſt by one provi­dence might have made to himſelfe many proſelites, yet would not allow it, but ever referred his hearers to Scriptures: the new lights of our age blaze much with providence but look you to the Law and the Teſtimonie if any ſpeak not according to this rule, there is no truth in him: Oh let not Chriſtian faith be founded on Tur­kiſh reaſon.

2. Perſevere in truth and piety, Hereſies muſt come, that they who are ſound may be made manifeſt; Schiſme muſt ſucceed, that the fixed in Chriſt may be found ſin­cere: theſe muſt not onely come on the the ſtage; but ſtand and ſucceed; it may be unto perſecution of the Orthodox and ſound; as did Arrianiſme in the Gre­cian Empire, & Anabaptiſme in Germany, they are no o­ther then tryalls of faith and patience: be it your care to cleave to truth, when diſ­owned and diſregarded: and continue in the Church, though diſordered and diſ­couraged: let not the boy­ſterous blaſts of providence remove you from your ſted­faſtneſs in the faith, or uni­on of the Church Catho­lick. I know the deſign of ſome ſchiſmaticall neigh­bours, by courting, nay ſome of them by creeping into your town is to paganize you, (as they have done other places) and ſet up their own ſchiſmaticall aſ­ſemblies; and I fear your over affectionate obſervati­on of the providential riſing of ſome from you, hath been as a ſnare of ſeparation from the Churh unto more then naturall relations: but how­ever Church gatherers have gathered the power & trea­ſure of theſe Nations to themſelves: forſake not you the aſſembling of your ſelves together, as the manner of ſom is, and ſtand out againſt the ſinful aſſembling of Church gatherers: The glittering glory of particular Churches of ſelfe-conſtitution (that way of Corah) and ſelfe conſecra­tion (that way of Jeroboam) will prove, nay I may ſay doth prove an ignis fatuus, leading into the fools paradiſe of high expectations, but leaving men in the wilderneſs of confuſion. They that feared God in Iſrael followed the deſpiſed and driven out Prieſts to Jeruſalem; let it be your prayer & care not to fol­low the flocks of Chriſt his pre­tended companions, I pray you recall to mind what inſtructions I gave you many years ſince from that Text Cant. 1.7. & whilſt you have power pre­vent Congregational foxes from ſpoiling your vines, though you cannot keep them out of cloſe corners, you may from places of concourſe, and command them out of your common Hall, and publick places of aſſemblie, give them no countenance whoſe on­ly errand is confuſion: you are now a Church of Chriſt become not the guilded Synagogue of Satan. Will not reaſon tell you ſelfe-conſtitution is a ſedition in the Common-wealth and ſchiſme in the Church? Is authority eſſen­tiall to a civill, and not to a re­ligious Corporation? What ſu­perſtructure can bee built on a ſinfull ſchiſmatical foundation? judge ye: though it flouriſh flie from it, it cannot but fall: I ſay bee you ſtable in truth, ſteady in the union of the Church, con­ſtant to Gods covenant, and continuing in prayer, though God carry diſcouragingly to­wards his people: for God laughs the Devill to ſcorn, when Job ſerveth him for nought: and the Saints conſtancy in holineſs doth witneſs that there is a re­ward to the righteous, when the proſpering providences of the prophane do ſuggeſt, it's in vain to ſerve God.

3. Prize and preſerve among you a ſound and zealous Miniſtry, ſuch you have enjoyed, ſuch you may (by your own advan­tages which you above other Towns) enjoy, Paſtors to feed witb knowledge and underſtanding, are Gods promiſes and his peo­ples priviledge, bread and water of affliction to be imbraced be­fore their removeall: let not the generall contempt provi­dence poureth on Mniſtry, dead­en your affection to your Mini­ſters; but know them as over you in the Lord: I am not a little grieved for your late differences with godly Miniſters; I wiſh you would ſeriouſly ſurveigh your ſouls, ſee wether ſome ſpirit of pride, paſſion, preju­dice, or vain glory, do not act and occaſion them: take heed you jar not with Miniſters, untill you wreak your quarrell on Miniſtry; I wiſh ſome of you have not already proclaimed o­pen warr: I will not acquit your Miniſters from their infirmities; but deſire you take heed to your ſelves; in this day of diſcoura­ging providences to Gods Mi­niſters; true piety ſhould prize & prefer them: ſo evill are the times that diſ-ſatisfaction in a prophane Miniſter can ſcarce­ly paſs without the cenſure of diſ-reſpect to Miniſtry; much leſs when fomented & continued againſt a man who is a faithful, painful, and diligent (and in the generall courſe of his life, let malice ſay its worſt) a godly Miniſter: my beloved, let the office and perſon be diſtingui­ſhed, and the dignity of the one will darken and cloud the infir­mitie of the other; and the authority of the one will awe duty denied to the weakneſs of the other. Receive Miniſters as they are indeed the meſſen­gers of the Lord of Hoſts, & Em­baſſadors of Jeſus Chriſt, and then deſpiſe them even in their diſtreſs if you can:

4. Purſue your conference and mannage it with all prudence, avoid the evills incident to it, purſue the directions herein propounded: you have here­tofore been acquainted with them but have need to bee put in remembrance: take heed of ſpirituall pride in conference, leaſt it prove an Audley confe­rence that may plunge you into the precipice of Anabaptiſme, and other hereſies: my heart bleeds over thoſe men with whom you know I have ſome­time paſt had ſweet commu­nion though they wil not now hear mee, bee warned by their example.

Be carefull of, and conſtant in theſe and other duties dire­cted in the word, what ever men ſay or croſs providences ſeem to ſuggeſt: Let Ecebolius whirl about with every wind of providence in the Empire, untill hee proclaim the ſhame of his own unconſtancy; be you pillars of truth, and Cedars of holineſs, ſtanding in ſtormy days, as indeed rooted and built up in Chriſt, and reſolved into divine revelation as your rule, however diſpoſed by pro­vidence as to your preſent outward condition: where­unto that you may bee ſtrengthened, read theſe notes as helpfull, and offered from the hearty affections, and with the hearty prayer for Gods bleſſing,

of your Quondam Paſtor, yet zealouſly affectionate for the good of your ſouls ZAC. CROFTON.

To the Reader.

Courteous Reader,

I Did many months ſince, begin this diſcourſe unto my own Congrega­tion, intending chiefly to instruct them in the too much neglected and abuſed duty of Godly conference but finding the words ſo connexed that I could not eonveniently come at my intended do­ctrine untill I had ſpoken to the condition which did conſtrain the godly, their ſpeak­ing one to another. I divided the Text in­to three generall heads to be diſcuſſed, and ſo intended them for particular instruction never to be made more publick: but God who over-ruleth mens purpoſes hath otherwayes diſpoſed: In June laſt I being called to preach at the morning exerciſe in Magdalen Milk-ſtreet Church tooke ſome of theſe notes as next hand, and did very briefly diſcuſs the proſperos providences which do attend the prophane. Such approbation it met with from many godly hearers, that I was purſued with great importunity to publiſh the ſame, yet I reſiſted and reſolved they ſhuld never ſee the light: in July following my Dmeſtick affairs did cll me down unto the ſince unhappy County of Cheſter, in the City whereof I was (by many friendly ob­ligations and intreaties) engged to preach one whole Lords day, and did diſcourſe this ſame ſubject as moſt freſh in memory, becauſe the very ſame on my thoughts in my ordina­ry courſe at home: what advantage any that are in that City godly and zealous for religi­on, have hence reaped they beſt know, what occaſion they have to improve theſe inſtructi­ons, we muſt ſhut our eyes if we wil not ſee; ſhort­ly after my thus preaching did break out the late unhappy inſurrection and did ſomething retard my return home: I being abſenct in ſuch a juncture of time was by malice (to which I have been no little expoſed) reported as en­gged in the deſign, and highly noyſed to have preached before the body late in Arms in Weſtcheſter City. And this report was carried with that height of impudence that it gained credit among friends and foes: affrighted my poor family with proud threats: & expoſed me to troublſome attendance on the late Committee for the Militia, and Councill of State: before the laſt of whom a member of themſelves offered to produce a Leivetenant who heard mee preach and would on oath depoſe it was ſo and ſo circumſtanced, as envy did deſire: but when I demanded his appearance and teſtimony, and could not obtain it, I was brought under a promiſe of printing the ſermons I did preach at Weſtcheſter: And thus the provi­dence of God hath conſtrained them from me: I hope for good.

It is very probable the matter and ſeaſon may expoſe the preaching, and publiſhing theſe notes unto the cenſure of the Committee for diſcretion: which if it do, let mee bee rather blamed for indiſcreet diſcovery of Gods mind; then unfaithfull ſilence, and diſſembling divine truth, darkning precepts by providences; the ſin of too many Prophets in our age and Nation: yet true prudence ſpeaks words pertinent to preſent providen­ces, wiſe men must oppoſe Gods word to mens wickedneſs: and give counſell ſquared to condition; nor ſhould danger divert or diſmay them. Iſaiah will cry aloud to tell Judah of her ſin, though for it he fall under the ſaw: And Jeremiah will declare Gods mind though it caſt him into the dungeon: Mi­chaiah muſt needs hve played the fool, if he had followed providence to the flattery of Ahab, as did all the other Prophets. Howe­ver evill times of hatred againſt him who rebuketh in the Gate, and abhorrency of him that ſpeaketh uprightly, may make the prudent (not bound by office) to keep ſilence: It muſt not do ſo to Gods Miniſters, whoſe office is to witneſs for God and piety when proſpering prophaneneſs proclaimeth God to be as the wicked, and that 'tis in vain to ſerve God: It is a mans prudence to do with vigor the duty of his place againſt all oppoſition, ſhall the providences of God bee made the apologie of ſin, and ſo the ſtumbling block of the Saints, and the Ministers of God not make known the method and order of them? and the pleaſure of the Lord that men cleave to his covenant though they be killed all the day long, and walk with him in worſt times; that ſo the wicked may be convinced, and the weak be strengthened: the times of Gods ſilence are the times of his Miniſters ſpeaking, when judgement is re­prieved, the malefactor muſt be reproved: I could heartily wiſh guilt on mens conſcien­ces did not groundleſly charge indiſcretion on Gods Miniſters and impertinency on Gods Word: had not our eyes ſeen trea­ſon, rebellion, regicide, perfidie, perjury, pride, hypocriſie, and violence, break out in­to ſad and ſinfull revolutions, to the utter ſubverſion of foundations: violation of Laws, invaſion of intereſts, deſtruction of liberties, trampling on truth, divaſtation of the Church, blaſphemy of God, Chriſt, and his Ordinances; contempt of Goſpell-Mini­ſtry, letting looſe the Devill by a boundleſs toleration, and unparalleld wickedneſs and unſpeakable confuſion in Church and State: and that againſt all declarations, proteſtati­ons, imprecations, ſolemne vows and Cove­nants, oaths, appeales, to God and men, even of all kind of civill or religious bonds: and had not our ears heard theſe boaſtings of pro­perity and ſucce sfull providences; as unde­niable demonstration of Gods good liking and approbation, nay of Gods very ap­pointment and deſignation of theſe horrid impieties as the good old cauſe of his ſons kingdom, and the proper work of his Saints; conducing much to his glory; blaſphemouſly pleading providence againſt precepts pro­voking themſelves to purſue and perſiſt in their own lusts directly: contrary to Gods Law and proudly cenſuring the poor, holy, humble, upright men of God as ignorant, in ſenſible of Gods hand, proud, obſtinate, Re­ſiſting providence, peeviſh, & prophane, diſ­owning the very hand & diſpoſing ſuch pro­ſperity to the prophane, and onely becauſe they ſubſcribe not to, and go not along with their ſinfull though ſucceſſefull enterpriſes, and conſent not to pluck the fift command out of the decalogue, to fling Gods word be­hind thei back; and dance after providence into Jeroboam like changes in Church and State: I ſay courteous reader, had not our eyes ſeen and our ears heard this ſad abuſe of providence; and mens conſcience grown tickle and tender by reaſon of guilt, a diſcou ſe of providence might have paſſed without the leaſt charge of violence, diſ­content, peeviſhneſſe, or indiſcretion; but proper plaiſters muſt be applied though the wounded patient brand the Chirurgion with Raſhneſſe, and cruelty, in provoking pain by ſearching and ſuitable applications: Chriſoſtom ceaſed not Reprove drunken­neſſe for all the frettings of a drunken people, untill they ceaſed to be drunk nor was Jehoiadah the Prieſt diverted from his just enterprice and duty by Athalia the uſurper her onterie of Treaſon, Treaſon.

Yet give me leave to tell thee that pro­vidence did ſuite the time to the Text, I did not ſuite the Text to the time, I had begun and made ſome progreſſe in this diſcourſe before the late return of the republck, and its ſucceſſe againſt the diſowners of it; ſo that my choice is not ſo much to be blamed; as Gods wiſdom in directing my thoughts to be acknowledged.

Reader, what ever fault may be charged on me, I ſhall ſubmiſſely bear knowing I am a man and have managed the diſcourſe like a man of much weakneſſe; yet, the matter I will averre, is the minde of God meet for the Saints meditation and in our day moſt needfull to be ſtudied: Thou haſt them in a plain dreſſe, as they were preached and are moſt proper for thy capacitie, and had the Authour enjoyed his minde thou hadſt had them much ſooner: thou now haſt them, read with diligence and due conſideration: and that thou mayeſt profit by them, ſhall be the conſtant prayer of.

ZAC. CROF.
1

Foelix Scelus Querela Piorum. Proſpering Prophaneneſſe. provoking holy conference and Gods attention Firſt preached at Botolphs Algate, Lond. and after in Peters Church Weſt-Cheſter on July 17. 1659.

Mal. 3.15, 16, 17. And now we call the proud happy: yea, they that work wickedneſs are ſet up, yea, they that tempt God are even delivered.

Then they that feared the Lord ſpake often one to another, and the Lord hearkned and heard it, and a book of Remembrance was written before him, for them that feared the Lord, and that thought upon his name.

They ſhal be mine (ſaith the Lord of hoſts) in the day that I make up my jewels: and I wil ſpare them as a man ſpareth his only Son that ſerveth him

THis Prophet was the laſt inſpired by the Lord, to make known his mind to the Jews before the coming of the Meſſiah: he is therefore the moſt clear in pointing out the appear­ance2 of the Lord, and animating the expectation of his people.

In this Chapter the Prophet doth declare two things. Firſt,

The manner of the coming of the Meſſiah, which is in

Majeſty, his way prepared by his meſſenger, ver. 1.

Much ſeverity

  • Refining his people, ver. 2, 3, 4.
  • Requiting the wicked, ver. 5.

Secondly, the reaſon of ſo ſe­vere an approach which is partly in God, he changeth not: Chiefly from men they are preſumptu­ouſly ſinfull and muſt bee curbed and convicted; Now we call the proud happy; and they that work wickedneſſe are ſet up; and they that tempt God are even delivered: Sin a­bounded unto the ſad & ſerious thoughts of the Godly, Then they that feared the Lord ſpake often one to another, &c. Therefore it was3 high time for the Meſſiah to ap­pear that then might diſcern be­tween the righteous and the wicked, between him that ſerveth God and him that ſerveth him not.

Whence by the way, we might obſerve.

Sins prevalency and preſumpti­on;Obſerv. is the ſeaſon of Gods appear­ance to manifeſt his juſtice and ho­lineſſe.

When ſin is at the higheſt and moſt daringly prophane; Saints deſpiſed and diſpondent, deeming that God hath forſaken the earth, and will not regard the ſons of men, or requite the wickedneſſe of the wicked but leave them at liberty to blaſpheme his name, and to re­proach his people, then the Lord is neareſt hand, his holineſſe & ju­ſtice moſt likely to appear; Thus it was in the old world, in Sodoms ruine, & Jeruſalems captivity, and thus it muſt be, to

41. Redeem Gods name and nature from the blaſphemies & reproaches of the wicked,Pſal. 10.13.50.21 who cry out, God doth not ſee, neither will he regard God is ſuch an one as our ſelves, and therefore we proſper: when im­piety impeacheth Gods purity, it is time for juſtice to plead its cauſe.

2. Reſcue Gods Saints and people from the taunts, ſcoffs and inſultings of the wicked: who deem, they in vain ſerve God; & are not profit­ted by walking mounrfully all the day long; and to no purpoſe they truſt in God and cleave to godli­neſs, which either cannot, or will not ſave them: God muſt be ſeen in his holineſſe and power, when Religion is ſaid to be vanity, and the pious proclaimed fools.

But on this I muſt not inſiſt on­ly let it bee the ſtay of our ſpirits, whilſt wee ſee iniquity abound, prophaneneſſe proſper, fin ſoaring high, and are ſadned in our ſpirits5 at its prevalency and preſumption conſider we Gods juſtice & holineſs is under the preſs of mēs prophane­neſſe, and muſt e're long break out againſt them: Sins increaſe is the ſeaſon of Chriſt his appearance: now we call the proud happy, then they that feared the Lord ſpake oft to one another, was the frame and ſtate of affairs at his firſt, and ſo will be at his ſecond coming.

But I paſſe to the text, which I ſhal conſider in it ſelfe rather then in its connexion and coherence, and ſo it offers three things to our conſideration.

  • 1. The eſtate of the wicked.
  • 2. The exerciſe of the godly.
  • 3. Event of both.

I ſhall ſpeak to them a part, and diſtinctly, and firſt of the firſt.

The eſtate of the wicked, and that is aſſerted in the Prophets ob­ſervation, by an entire propoſition we call the proud happy, they that6 work wickedneſſe are ſet up, &c. In which we have two things ob­ſervable as the parts of this propo­ſition.

1. The ſubjects or perſons ſpo­ken of, and they are deſcribed by a threefold denomination,

  • Proud,
  • Workers of wickedniſs.
  • Such as tempt God.

2 The predicate and thing ſpo­ken of them, and that is their pro­ſperous eſtate and condition, and that is deſcribed in its gradations they are

  • Happy,
  • Set up,
  • Delivered,

This propoſition (thus divided without any further comment or explication) doth lay before eve­ry obſervant eye & intelligent ear, the great proſperity of the worſt of men: that I may therefore haſten after time, I ſhal briefly pro­pound7 & proſecute to your inſtru­ction this plain point of doctrine.

Moſt proſperous provideneies do frequently attend the prophanest wretches. Doct.

In the diſcuſſion of this doctrine. I ſhal ſpeak by way of explication, demonſtration, and application.

By way of explication we ſhall enquire

1. Whom we define and de­nominate prophaneſt wretches.

2. What are the proſpering providences which do ſo frequent­ly attend them.

Firſt,The ſtate of the wic­ked. I ſhall ſhew you whom we deem and denominate the pro­phaneſt wretches, who enjoy theſe proſpering providences: and they are ſuch as at the firſt view, will appear very unlikely of ſuch en­joyments, as indeed unworthy to live on the leaſt of Gods goodneſs: I ſhal not wander far to find them out, onely explain their nature by8 thoſe Characters which diſcover them in the text, and they are

  • Workers of Wickeneſſe,
  • Proud workers of wickedneſſe.
  • Proud workers of wickedneſſe who tempt God.

1 Note of prophaneſs.Firſt, they are declared to bee workers of wickedneſs, this is their name in the text, and the ſame is given in Job 4.8. and in Pſal. 5.5. and Iſa. 31.2. and in other places and indeed it is their proper name the very notation of their nature: for wickedneſſe is their work, ſin their ſervice, ungodlineſs their only trade, traffick, and negotiation; ſin is called the works of the fleſh, for the fleſh of prophane men can fol­low no other work: it is their whole endeavour, aim, and ſtudy, to be ſinning themſelves and ſet it forward by other hands: what e­ver profeſſions and pretences they make, ſtill ſin is their buſineſs: all their hypocriſies, circumventious,9 fallacies, fair ſpeeches, is but to drive this trade of ſin, like them in Pſal. 58.1, 2. Speak Righteouſneſs, but work wickedneſs in their hearts, which is the Devils forge & work­houſe; ſin is the ſeed and harveſt (this they ſow and reap) of pro­phane men: ſin is an accidentall chance act to a gracious ſoul, but it is the ſcope, ſubſtance, and buſineſs of prophane men: The beſt Ordi­nance is to them but the humor­ing of ſin, they hear, but their heart is after their coveteouſneſs,Ezec. 33.31. they pray, and it turns to iniquity, they faſt,Iſa. 58.2.3 Prov. 21.4 but it is for ſtrife and debate to ſmite with the fiſt of wickedneſs. The very plowing of the wicked is ſin, their whole deſign is to dig de­ſcents into Hell, they are true drudges to the Devil, they plow iniquity, & ſow wickedneſs, Job. 4. v. 8. arrant, ſerunt, occant, ſcelera, they drudge night and day, turn­ing up all the corruption in their10 hearts, and conveniences in the world, for the effecting of their devices: all their expences and endeavours is to this end: Thus Alexander the great promiſed a Crown of an hundred and eight poud weight to the men that drunk themſelves dead; and thus Charles the ninth of France gave Albertus Tudius (an Huckſters ſon) ſix hundred thouſand Crowns to teach him to ſwear with a grace, and make him an exact Artiſt in his impiety: In a word, they are ſin­ners in action, not only in intention, They deviſe iniquity on their beds, and act it when the day is light be­cauſe it is in the power of their hand, Mica. 2.1. Suggeſtion are ſmoo­thered in the godly, and prophane­neſs in them ſeldome paſſeth into purpoſe: but this ſeed ſoon ſprings in prophane ſoil, and having con­ceived it brings forth not onely purpoſes but practiſes alſo, Jam. 1.11 15. they are ſinners of duration, not tranſiency, they continue in their courſe of prophaneneſs, the practice of ſin is the priſon of the pious, if they fall they recover by repen­tance;Iſa. 56.12. but in the palace of the pro­phane they cry out, to morrow ſhall be as this day, and much more abun­dant: they abide in their wicked courſe againſt friendly counſels, mi­ſteriall reproofs, checks of con­ſcience, and corrections of Gods ſevere hand, they will not be war­ned, nay, if God hedge up their way, they leap hedges, and ruſh in­to ſin, as the horſe into the battle,Ier. 8 6. and will not be reſtrained: they carry guilt without any remorſe, and run on in profaneneſs without any return: they are workers of wickedneſs, who never ceaſe till they compleat the eſtate of dark­neſs deſigned by their maſter the Divell: they are ſinners of dili­gence and delight, not ſloth or12 reluctancy they play at acts of piety and are therein careleſs and ſuper­ficiall; but work wickedneſs with all their skill and will, laying out ſtudy and ſtrength on ſin, as ſold to work it; ſo far are they from ſlip­ping any opportunity that they riſe early and ſeek occaſions of ſin, and make proviſion for the fleſh, they compaſs ſea and land, con­trive conveniences, and ſtir up cor­ruptions, admit no check or curb of conſcience, but as ſpurred, go on from evill to evill, and wax worſe and worſe: ſo that this is the firſt note of ſuch who may proſper in the world, they are workers of wickedneſs to whom you muſt confeſs all wrath and woe doth be­long,Rom. 2.8.9. and therefore it may ſeem ſtrange that they ſhould, who yet do, proſper, and yet they are not onely workers of wickedneſs. But

2. Note of prophaneſs Mich. 7.3. Secondly, Proud workers of wickedneſs, not onely do theſe13 men do wickedneſſe with both hands earneſtly, Exodus. 18.11.21.11. but they alſo deale arro­gantly boyling and ſwelling with ſpite and ſpleen againſt God and his people, purſuing their own ends confidently, and daring: Proud, haughty, and ſcornfull is their name, Prov. 21.24. they ſwell in their own ſence unto the forgetting God and themſelves: and the ſcorn and contempt of others, they are inſo­lent towards men, and impudent to­wards God; in the pride of their heart they diſdain the poor, and oppreſſe them, Pſal. 10.2. their hearts ſwell with ſuch apprehenſi­ons of their eſtate and enjoyments that their eyes do ſparkle with pride; they are of haughty and ſcornfull looks, their hands can act nothing but appreſſion, venge­ance, and deſtruction to the Mor­decai and his people who deny to adore their Hamam like pride14 their tongues can ſpeak nothing but braggs, boaſtings, and arro­gancy; their very jeſture is a Com­ment on their pride: they are ſo lifted up, they think none is, or can be like them, their enjoyments are in their eyes unparalleled, un­changeable excellencies, and there­fore they require all proſtration of others to their pride: their haugh­tineſs can abide no obſtruction, but their wrath ſwells to the ruine and removall of them who diſ-reſpect their dignity, and diſobey their un­juſt demands: they taunt at the godly in their adverſity, and inſult over their calamity with an Ha, Ha, ſo we would have it: where is now your God,Pſal. 35.21.137.3 Mat 27.43. ſing us your Hebrew ſongs: he truſted in God, let him ſave him if he will have him: they ſit in ſecurity and ſay they ſhall not bee moved: their purpoſes they purſue with the height of reſoluti­on, becauſe with in the power of15 their hands, We will purſue, we will overtake, we will deſtroy; are their proud terms towards Gods Iſrael,Exo, 15.9. ſo that they can admit no parity a­mong men, nor parly between rea­ſon & their own proud thoughts: nor are they more inſolent to­wards men then impudent to­wards God, appropriating to them­ſelves their own power, might, ac­quirement, what they hold by di­vine indulgence, Our high hand,Deu. 32.27. Dan. 4.30. & not the Lord hath done all this. Is not this great Babell which I have built for the houſe of my kingdom by the might of my power, and for the honour of my majesty? is their proud boaſting language witneſs­ing that they forget God that ruleth in the Kingdome of men: and hence they arrogate to them­ſelves the honour, and adorati­on, (as did the Roman Emper­ours) which only belongeth unto God, their Image muſt be worſhip­ped16 on pain of a fiery furnace, and prayers muſt be preſented to no God ſave themſelves on pain of a Lions den: and in the haughti­neſs of their ſpirit they blſpheme Gods holy name denying his power with Sennacherib; who is the God that can deliver out of my hand, Iſa. 37. and determine the execution of their own purpoſes in deſpight of God, as did Pope Julius in eating his porke-fleſh; as if omnipotency ſhould not hinder them; nay, ſuch is their pride that they break all bonds, and preſume to intermeddle with holy things without their ſphere. Corah's con­ceipt of the peoples holineſſe, carrieth not onely to the contempt of Moſes and Aaron, but unto a proud prepoſterous unwarrant­able approach to God. Ʋzziah is no ſooner made mighty by the Lord, but his heart is lifted up and he breaks all order, and thinks17 ſcorn to be limited in any act he takes a Cenſer and goes into the Temple to offer incenſe,2 Chron. 26.18. nor will he be by the Prieſt of God warned to deſiſt his ſin: in a word, he is ſo proud that he forgets God by whom he ſubſiſts, and ſtrives againſt God who can ſoon break him in pieces; & blaſ­phemeth the Lord, who is jealous of his name: and although God hate the workers of iniquity, and reſiſt proud doers, yet theſe are the men that meet with proſpering providences for a time.

3. Theſe men are yet more wicked,3. note of prophaneſs. for they are proud wor­kers of wickedneſs and proceed to tempt God. They ſin with ſuch da­ring preſumption, and ſpeak ſuch deſperate blaſphemous expreſſions as if deſigned to prove whether there be a God, or he be a God of holineſſe, juſtice and power, as he is deſer bed. Like prophane Iſrael, they fret & fume, grudge & grum­ble18 under their croſſed expectati­on, & cry, Is God in the midſt of us. Exod. 17.7. Can God ſpread a Ta­ble in the wilderneſs, and prepare bread and fleſh for his people. As Pſal. 78.18, 19, 20. They diſpute all divine threats, and debate Gods very nature, arraigning all the at­tributes of God at the barre of their proud fancy; to be judged by their corrupt ſence, and blaſphe­ming reaſon; and ſo daringly re­ſiſt divine direction, like Iſrael ruſh out of a dogged diffidence into a deſperate reſolution of going to fight againſt Amaleck, though war­ned by Moſes to ſit ſtill in their pla­ces, and not to go out to Warr, for that God is not in the midſt of them. Numb. 14, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45. And preſumptuouſly anſwer the Prophets of God with We will not hearken unto the voice of the Trum­pet. As for what thou haſt ſpoken in the name of the Lord we will not do19 it but we will do what ſeemeth good in our own eyes. Jer. 6.17.44.16, 17. That by their daring preſump­tions they put Gods truth and ju­ſtice ſo upon the teſt that he can no longer forbear, but becauſe of their abominations bring a curſe on the Land. v. 22. nay ſuch is their hor-impudence, that they do not onely debate, but alſo blaſphemouſly de­termine againſt the threatnings of juſtice, crying out, the deſtroying ſcourge ſhall not come nigh unto us; we have made a Covenant with Hell and death, and have made lyes our refuge, and hid our ſelves under falſhood. Iſa. 28.15. Therefore they deride the meſſengers of God and mock his Prophets with an how went the Spirit of the Lord from me to thee. 1 Kings 22.24. Watch­man, what of the night? Iſa. 21.11. Where is the promiſe of his coming? do not all things continue as they were. 2 Pet. 3 Nay ſuch is their21 impiety as to impeach Gods very holineſſ, and from his patience, po­ſitively conclude him to be pro­phane, and the pandor of all impie­ty: they ſteal, murder, commit a­dultery, and ſwear falſly, and come and ſtand before God in the houſe where his name is called, and ſay we are delivered to do all theſe abo­minations;Jer. 7.9. They purpoſe and pra­ctice againſt plain precept moſt poſitive and unparallel'd propha­neſſe, and crie providence, provi­dence leads us to it, becauſe God abides ſilent, they ſay, he is altoge­ther ſuch an one as themſelves Pſal. 50.21. They conceive a miſchie­vous device and come and enquire of the Lord: They contrive by falſe accuſations and horrid perju­rie to ſhed innocent blood, and Je­ſabel-like, they proclaim a Faſt. S ſe­rious acts of piety are the prologues of their prophaneſſe, in Nomine Dei inipit omne malum, they no20 ſooner begin to faſt and pray, but ſober men ſee and know their pro­phane purpoſes are near unto exe­cution: nor doth the wiſdome and power of God paſſe their proud temptation, for they attempt acts of cruelty, and cry, who is the God that ſhall deliver out of our hands, crucifie Chriſt and his people and blaſphe­mouſly inſult, he truſted in the Lord let him ſave him if he will have him trample on the righteous and tri­umph over them with a Where is now your God, he perſecutes the poor, he boaſteth of his hearts deſire, hee bleſſeth the Covetous whom God ab­horreth, through the pride of his countenance he will not ſeek after God; God is not in all his thoughts: his wayes are always grievous; thy judgments are far above out of his fight, as for all his enemies, he puffeth at them, his mouth is full of curſing and deceit, & under his tongue is miſ­chief and vanity, he croucheth and22 humbleth himſelf, that the poor may fal by his ſtrong ones, yet he hath ſaid in heart I ſhal not be moved, s for all his enemies he puffeth at them, he hath ſaid in his heart, God hath for­gotten, he hideth his face, he will never ſee it; The wicked contemn God, he hath ſaid in his heart Thou wilt not require it. Pſal. 10. So thus theſe proud workers of wick­edneſſe ſpeak ſtout words againſt God, and determine It is in vain to ſerve the Almighty: they prophane­ly ſtrive with their maker, and put his truth, holineſſe, power and ju­ſtice to proof, and provoke to the vindication of them: And are not theſe the prophaneſt wretches? Can we ſcrue iniquity one jot high­er? Can we chuſe but wonder the Heavens fall not on their heads, and the Earth devoureth them not a­live? yet theſe are the men whom proſpering providences do fre­quently23 attend, and ſo much for their perſons.

The 2d thing to be conſidered is, what proſpering providences do at­tend theſe prophane wretches, and in general, All thoſe providences which paſſe in common from the Creator to the Creature, prophane men do and may poſſeſſe: they have not indeed any the ſpecialties of Grace, holineſſe, and Covenant priviledges which ſtream in the blood of Chriſt unto Gods redee­med ones: theſe ſtrangers meddle not with theſe joys, but peace, plenty, health, honour, wealth, li­berty, all worldly ter••ne ſublima­ry mercy, expreſſions of Gods good­neſſe are extended to them, and that in ſuch abundance that as the Pſalmiſt noteth, They have more than heart〈◊〉wiſh, They floriſh like the green〈◊〉tree, and know no ſorrow, our Prophet doth very24 accu­rately deſcribe the porſperitie of prophane men in the three ſteps thereof they are called

  • Happy.
  • Set up.
  • Delivered.

1 ſtep of profane proſperity.1. The Proud are called happy, they are accounted the only bleſſed men on earth, they are objects of other mens admiration and applauſe: they are eſteemed and envied as the only poſſeſſors of good: all men ariſe to give them honour, and could wiſh their eſtate and enjoy­ments. Their condition comments on Gods goodneſſe and favour to­wards them: They ſwim ſo in the fulneſſe of their deſire, that they become the objects of all mens flat­teries: their happineſſe ſhines with ſuch ſplendour that their very at­tendants (like Solomons young men) are happie that they are ſo near; none can or dare ſpeak con­temptibly of them, nay men are25 their felicity to the ſilencing of re­proof towards their impiety, nay the very juſtifying of their wick­edneſſe, and crying all is well done. Alexander wants not an Anaxar­chus to ſet Juſtice by Jupiter,Pſal. 49 18. and conclude all muſt be deemed juſt that is done by ſo great a King, and that firſt by himſelf, then by others, though it be the murther of his deareſt friend Clitus, nor is it to be thought ſtrange tht men ariſe call them bleſſed, and conclude them the happieſt men on earth for that.

2, They are ſet up,2 ſtep of profane proſperity. exalted by the hand of God to the higheſt of out­ward enjoyments: They are ſet up in natures throne, and bleſſed with a budding race and hopefull progeny. They are planted and take root, and grow up in the earth, they ſend forth their Children like ſheep, and their ſons dance before them, for their ſeed is eſtabliſhed in their ſight26 with them and their generations be­fore their eyes. Job. 21.9 11. The po­ſterity of the profane do frequen­tly plead the cauſe and juſtifie the ſinful carriage of their progenitors: their name is not onely preſerved in poſterity, but made to ſhine with ſplendor in the enjoyment of rich­es and honour: their wealth and worſhip is no leſs conſpicuous then progenie. For their Kine calve, their Bull genders, the waters of a full cup are wrung〈◊〉unto them, they proſper and increaſe in riches, They enjoy full barns, flouriſhing fields, fair ſtructures, and fat Carkaſes, and all the good things of this life; it is but ordinarie for Dives to fare de­liciouſly every day, they are cl••­thed in purple and coſtly apparell; it is but common to ſee the work of men ſeated in a chair of ſtate, wearing the imperiall Crown, ſwaying the royall Scepter, and raging with the revengfull ſword. 27Honour is ſo incident to Haman, that he cannot think the leaſt Ray of it can paſſe from him to another. Favour followeth the wicked with importunity, no dignity naturall or politicall paſſeth the prophane, but they poſſeſſe it. They that work wickedneſſe are Set up. Nay this is not all,ut

3. 3d. ſteſt of profane proſperity.They that tempt are even deli­vered: They diſcerve and are de­voted to deſtruction, and yet are delivered: The hand of God is lif­ted up, and yet it lights not on them, they tempt him and yet are not troubled, provoke him and yet ſcape unpuniſhed, They are not in trouble as other men, nor are they plagued as other, there is no bands in their death, but they are luſtie and ſtrong. Pſal. 73.4, 5. Their houſes are peaceable without fear, and the Rod of God is not upon them. Job. 21.9. The wicked are like the Tyrant Polycrates that never met28 with croſſe all his life time nay the very clouds that hang over their heads, do ordinarily diſperſe: ſome­times unto the Godly obſerver, their proud prophaneſſe doth ſo tempt God, that to their thinking, he can no longer bear nay commo­tion and clouds doth ariſe about them, and horror of ſpirit ceaſeth on them, and all men deem their proſperity readie to expire, and yet their fear vaniſheth and the ex­pectation of the Godly fails them, they ſcape Scot-free and are deli­vered from the dangers to which they ſeem obnoxious, alſo ſnares are broken; they that fear God ſuffer, whilſt theſe that tempt him are e­even delivered. So it is plain, peace, plenty, health, liberty, honour, victory, full enjoyments, ſucceſſe­full atchievements, immunity from deſerved and impending plagues and puniſhments, may attend the verie worſt of men, even ſuch who29 rage in ſin, violate ſacred vows, diſobey divine command, tram­ple on truth and Goſpell ordinan­ces; inſolently oppreſſe the Godly and impudently provoke divine juſtice For we call the proud happy, they that work wickedneſs are ſet up, and they that tempt God are even de­livered.

But to paſſe from explication, wee proceed to demonſtration, and that proſpering providences doth ſo frequently attend the propha­neſt wretches is a truth undeniably evedent to every ſerious and ſober ſpirit acquainted with ſacred or prophane ſtory, or obſervant of the diſpenſation of common provi­dence in the world. Can we read Scripture & not regard its generall & atteſt to this plain truth, poſitive­ly affirming that Some remove the Landmarks and violently take away the flocks and feed thereon, They drive away the Aſſe of the fatherleſs30 and take the widdows ox for a pledg, they turn the needy out of the way, & cauſe the naked to lodg without cloath­ing; make men groan out of the City, and ſoul of the wounded to cry, they rebel againſt the light, and yet God layeth not folly to them. Job. 24. Was not Jobs demonſtration of pro­fane mens proſperity, the very de­fence of his integrity, againſt the erroneous cavills and groundleſſe cenſures of his three friends, and is it not therein plainly aſſerted that the wicked live, become old, yea are mighty in power, their ſeed is eſta­bliſhed before them. Their houſes are ſafe from fear, and the Rod of God is not upon them. And are not theſe poſitive aſſertions made evi­dent in plain inſtances and exam­ples? is not cruell Pharaoh oppreſ­ſing Iſrael the higheſt Prince in the World? is not Jeroboam who re­belled againſt his maſter, made Iſ­raell to ſin, ſet up Calves at Dan31 and Bethel, and ſuffered the loweſt of the people to make themſelves Prieſt, defended his uſurped magi­ſtracie with a uſurped miniſtery; and put forth his hand againſt the Prophet of God, yet eſtabliſhed in his uſurped Kingdome, and ſlept with his Fathers, leaving the ſucceſ­ſion of his ill gotten Kingdom unto his ſon? & did not Manaſſeh that ra­ged moſt in murther and miſchief raign longeſt of any of the Kings of Iſrael? Yet many of them much better then himſelf. What ſhall we ſay of the high Honour of Nebu­chadnezzar, the Hammer of the nations under whom Babylon ſate a Queen, and ſaid, ſhe ſhould never be moved: and did not Aſ­ſyria the very Rod of Gods anger make all her Princes Kings, and ſay in her heart, I will aſcend Hea­ven, I will exalt my Throne above the ſtars of God. Iſa 14.13. Nay, as if theſe inſtances were not ſufficient;32 doe not the Scriptures witneſſe the ſucceſſe of Bejamin once and a­gain over Iſraell? deſtroying more by 14000 men then they were themſelves, whilſt not onely the feweſt in number (being but 26000 againſt four hundred thouſand) but managing the baſeſt quarrell the impudent defence of the horrid impiety and murther of the men of Gibeah. Judg. 20. muſt we not ſhut our Bibles if we will not ſee proſperitie attend prophaneneſſe? doth not the word note the proſ­pering providences of the pro­pane to be the principle or rather occaſion of all their pride and blaſ­phemie? is it not from hence that pride compaſſeth them as a chain, and violence covereth them as a garment; that they ſet their mouths againſt Heaven, and their tongues walk through the Earth. Pſal. 73.6.9. Therefore they ſay unto God, depart from us, we deſire not the knowledge33 of thy ways; Nay becauſe of Gods ſilence, they ſtick not to ſay that he is ſuch a one as themſelves. It is the great ſtumbling block of the righteous to ſee the proſperity of the prophane: at this ſtone David feet had almoſt ſlipped. Pſal. 73. And againſt this Jeremiah could not but complain, and almoſt quar­rel at Gods very juſtice. Jer. 12.1. Againſt this very temptation God hath preſcribed, preſerving and ſupporting cautions, counſelling us not to fret at the proſperity of the wicked. Pſal. 37. And declaring that it determines not divine fa­vour. Eccleſ. 9.1, 2. The proſpe­rity of the profane is not onely vi­ſible within the pale of the Church and in the Word of God, but in the World alſo, and demon­ſtrated by all prohane Hiſtory the Heathen Poets have long ſince ſung

43
Marmoreo Licinus tumulo jacet, & Cato parvo.
Pompeius nullo; quis putat eſſe Deos.
Cato is contemn'd, Pompey to ſhame expoſed.
Whilſt baſe Licinus in Marble ly­eth encloſed.

And have not their Orators left us that maxim on obſervation of wick­ed mens proſpering Foelix impietas virtus dicitur; Proſperity makes Vice be deemed Virtue: Do not their Hiſtories acquaint us with the happy gales whch attended the ſacriledge of Dionyſius, making him ſay the Gods loved ſacriledge; & he ſucceſſe of Coeſar againſt Pom­pey, making him to queſtion the very deity; and the never croſſed eſtate of the Tyrant Polycrates, who of purpoſe to fall under a croſſe, caſt his Ring into the Sea, and re­ceived35 it in the fiſh that was ſerved up at his table. Of the ſucceſſe of Anthony over famous Brutus, con­ſtraining him to cry〈…〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉virtue is of no value, let Fortune be adored by my poſterity. And Nero his high proſperity that made it treaſon in the famous Senator Thraſeus, not to flatter him. What ſhall we tell you of Seneca's wri­tings of providence occaſioned by wicked mens proſperity? And Salvians treatiſe of Gods govern­ment of the World in righteouſ­neſſe on the like occaſion: Or ſhall I mention to you Baſils ſtum­bling at the ſucceſſe and proſperity of the blaſphemous Arrians? Or of the flouriſhing eſtate of the Turks thoſe vowed enemies of Chriſtia­nity? I might ſwell a volume with inſtances of this nature, but muſt not our own obſervation witneſſe it to us, may not we in our age run and read the proſpering providen­ces36 of the moſt prophane; have not we ſeen men of errour, igno­rance, perjury perfidie and hypocri­ſie, who ſupplant government, ſub­vert foundation, dethrone Princes, uſurpe authority, invade Nations, imbrew their hands in blood, tram­ple on the Church & lay it waſt, blaſpheme ordinances, expoſe Mi­niſtry to contempt, violate all ſa­cred obligations, falſifie all ſolemn profeſſions, advancand eſtabliſh themſelves by all acts of cruelty, couzenage diſſimulation and per­jury, and paſſe to the grave in the height of honour. And can we otherwiſe conclude, then that wee call the proud happy, and they that work wickedneſſe are ſet up, and they that tempt God are even delivered. Whilſt it is thus, we have cauſe to be ſerious in Seneca's queſtion, Cur bene malis, why ſhould proſpering providences attend the prophaneſt wretches: whence is their ſucceſs,37 how comes it to paſs that they who thus provoke God, ſcape Scot-free? here then I ſhal ſhew you that proſ­pering providences do on ſome weighty grounds and reaſons, at­tend the prophaneſt wretches, viz. the

  • 1. Providence of God in its common courſe and method doth diſpoſe.
  • 2, Patience of God doth require
  • 3. Puniſhment and probation of the Saints neceſſitate
  • 4. Provoked Juſtice doth enforce proſperity to attend the prophane­eſt.

Theſe Reaſons let us particular­ly and ſeriouſly conſider, and they will convince us that there is good ground for prophane mens proſperity, and firſt, of the firſt.

Providence in it's CommonReaſon 1courſe and method, doth diſ­poſe proſpering providence to at­tend the prophaneneſt wretches: the38 World created is preſerved, orde­red and diſpoſed by divine provi­dence; he that made the World ſettleth it in a ſeries and regular courſe and method: though God do exerciſe a ſpeciall care over his own Children, his eyes running to, and fro,2 Chron. 29.9. that he may ſhew himſelfe ſtrong for the good of the upright in heart; Yet he ſleights not the World, but ordereth all the affairs thereof, according to the purpoſe of his own will, and that in a ſet­tled courſe, and preſcribed me­thod, His eyes behold the evill, and the good. Prov. 15.3. Nothing falls out but at his appointment: and in the courſe and order of his appointment; he diſpoſeth all things to their end, with all cauſes, means, occaſions, method or ob­ſtructions thereunto belonging: No conſervation, or condition be­falls the whole creation, but runs in the channell of common provi­dence;39 fortune is a foolery, and chance a meer cheat for nothing in the world is really (though to our ſence it be) accidentall and fortu­itous, but all things come to paſſe by the Regular motion of provi­dence, which frequently brings un­der the Godly, and lifts up the pro­phane, and there are in this Chari­ot of Providence four wheels car­rying forth, and regularly diſpoſing the proſperity of the worſt of men. viz.

  • 1. Divine power and ſoveraign­ty.
  • 2. Diſtribution of Gods goodneſs to his Creatures.
  • 3. Divine method and order.
  • 4. And due Reſervation of the wicked to the day of vengeance.
    The firſt wheel of peovid.

The proſperity of the prophane is diſpoſed by the providence of God, unto the demonſtration of his power and ſoveraignity: God doth whatſoever he wil, and who ſhall40 ſay unto him what doſt thou? the whole courſe of providence is a comment on God his independen­cie and abſolute dominion, and u­ſually Runneth Counter to mens caſtings and contrivances, appre­henſions and expectations, ſo as that God may manifeſt, his thoughts are not mans thoughts. 1 Sam. 16.6, 7, 8, 9.10.Samuels ſight may ſoon ſuggeſt Eliab for his high ſtature, and lively aſpect to be the anointed of the Lord before him; but the Soveraignity of God wil ſet up David the moſt unlikely of the fa­mily of Jeſſe, and ſo witneſſeth that God ſeeth not as man ſeeth: no out­ward enjoyments muſt depend on humane acquirements, therefore all things come alike unto all men, There is one event to the righteous and the wicked: to the Good, to the clean, and to the unclean; to him that ſacrificeth, and to him that ſacrificeth not, as is the good, ſo is the ſinner, & he that ſweareth as41 he that feareth an oath. Ec­cleſ. 9.2. Though the favour of the Lord be to the Righ­teous, and his good will to them that fear him, yet ſanctity is no peg to ſtop his wheel of providence: Grace muſt not divert the demon­ſtrations of his ſoveraignity: no man receiveth any thing by de­ſert and merit, in common (much leſſe in ſpeciall) good things, but the very beſt are tenants at wil, fed by the Commons of Gods deter­mination. The ſoveraignity of God will triumph over the ſeem­ing merit of ſanctity, as well as the probable procurements of nature: and therefore the Race is not to the ſwift, nor the Battle to the ſtrong; neither yet bread to the Wiſe, nor riches to men of underſtanding. Eccl. 9.11. Benjamin with their 26000 once and again overcame Iſraels 400000, and deſtroy 40000, to de­monſtrate that battle is not to the42 ſtrong. It is the wonder of the World to ſee fools flouriſh, the weak to prevail, whilſt the ſtrong are foyled, and the wiſe in want; not conſidering that the acquire­ments of art, & nature cannot alter the courſe of common providence. Promotion comes not from the Eaſt, nor from the Weſt, nor from the South, but God ſitteth as the Judge, he putteth one down, and ſetteth ano­ther in the room. pſal. 75.6, 7. When the heathen do obſerve Agathocles the Son of a Potter to become King of Scicile, Valen­tinian the Son of a Rope-maker, to become Emperour of Rome, Juſtinus to ariſe from a Swineheard to be an heardſman, to turn Souldier and at the length become Empe­rour; can they chuſe but conclude Sic fata trahunt, thus the Gods will have it; and can Chriſtians obſerve Abſolon advanced againſt his Father; Jeroboam againſt his Ma­ſter;43 Athaliah by blood, & cruelty, eſtabliſhed ſeven years in the King­dome: nay Nebuchadnezzar pre­vailing over the whole world, and not conclude, God ruleth in the Kingdomes of men, and giveth it to whomſoever he wil. Vice is advanc'd, leaſt virtue ſhould vie with divine juſtice, and vail the dominion of God: and folly is enriched, that men may ſee God alone doth all things. if Alexander to magnifie his majeſty, advanced abdolominus, a poor Gardener to be King in Sidon, what ſhall not God do? Proſ­ſpering providences attend the prophaneſt wretches, to proclaim The earth is the Lords, and the ful­neſſe thereof,Pſal. 24. and he giveth it to whomſoever he will: and parts or piety are not the grounds of his di­ſpenſation; he gives good things o the worſt of men, that men may know his own will is the ony guide of all his actions, he will not44 be preſcribed by the ſons of men: and this is the firſt wheel of provi­dence on which proſperity doth attend the prophane.

2d wheel of provid.The ſecond wheel of this ſucceſ­ſeſſefull Chariot, is the diſtributi­on of Gods goodneſſe to all Crea­tures. God is good to all, and his mercy is over all his works. Pſal. 145.9. The creation is a comment on Gods power and wiſedome, but in the preſervation of the world ſhines Gods goodneſs: all creatures muſt according to their capicity, partake of Gods goodneſſe, and eſpecially the ſons of men: they have not all like ſhare, but at one time or o­ther, they all do ſhare in the good­neſſe of God; the very worſt of men muſt witneſſe even in their e­ternal woes that God is good: there­fore in him they live, and move, and have their being. Acts 17, 28, 29. nay therefore his rain falls on the bad, as well as good, and ſun ſhines on45 the juſt and unjuſt: the wicked ſhall do no work for God, but his goodneſſe aſſignes them wages, if Ahab humble himſelf but hypocri­tically,1 King. 21.29. yet the judgment threat­ned ſhal be delayed in his days; and if Nebuchadnezzar do God ſer­vice againſt Tyrus, he ſhall receive Egypt for his wages. Ezek. 29, 18, 19. If the goodneſſe of God bee extended unto birds and beaſts, much more to the baſeſt of men: onely we muſt note that the pro­vidence of God giveth the preſent ſence of Gods goodneſs to the wicked, and the Godly have it on­ly in reverſion; truly God is good to Iſrael,Pſal. 73.1. but their preſent tune muſt be, Oh how great is thy goodneſs thou haſt laid up in ſtore for them that fear thee. Pſal. 31.19. So that the good­neſſe of God on the ſtage of this World is eſpecially extended to the wicked, even to the worſt of men. T••good things of common pro­vidence46 is all the portion they muſt have, and they have it in this life, therefore they are Gods hand and ſword, in this world, their bellies are filled with hid treaſure, they are full of Children, and leave their ſubſtance to their babes. Pſal. 17.14. They now live in pleaſure on the earth, and are wanton, and nouriſh their hearts as in a day of ſlaughter they condemn and kill the juſt, and he doth not re­ſiſt them. Jam. 5.5, 6. It is in this life,Luke 26.25. that Dives receiveth his good things, and Lazarus muſt be con­tented with evill things here: for his comfort is in Abrahams bo­ſome hereafter. And Davids Dolor is preſent, and by the pride of the now psoſperou, for that his ſatis­faction muſt be when he ſhall ariſe in the likeneſs of God and ſee his face in Righteouſneſs;Pſal. 17.12 13, 14, 15. ſuch as will con­ceive Gods goodneſſe, muſt at one time or other be extended to all men in ſome meaſure, and conſent47 that the courſe of providence car­rieth it to the wicked in this life, and reſerveth it to the righteous, at the reſurrection, and can be but content to wait the motion of this wonderfull wheel will never won­der to ſee proſperity attend the prophane.

The third wheel of providence on which the proſperity of the wicked doth run,The third wheel of provid. is divine method & order, God is in all things a God of order, and works regularly in the diſpoſing of the affairs of the world and in the execution of his juſtice: on this account the ſeries of ſin goeth before the ſevere judgments of a righ­teous God. Mans ſin, and Gods ſi­lence do for a time conſiſt, and go hand in hand; for ſin muſt be ripe before God reckon with he ſinner, and in order to this end, the Lord looks on the iniquity of the wick­ed, and is ſo far from ſtriking, that he ſuffereth & diſpoſeth the couſe48 of his common providence to their ſinfull deſires: ſuffers them to proſ­per and poſſeſſe all occaſions, ad­vantages and opportunities to ac­compliſh their wicked deviſes, and execute their impiety: there is not the purpoſe in their heart, that ſhal want the power of their hand to bring it to paſſe:Gen. 15.16 the Amorites muſt poſſeſſe the land 400 years, that their iniquity may be ripe, them­ſelves, fit for the ſickle of divine fu­ry: ſuch is the concurrence of providence, in time of Gods ſilence with the corruption of men, that many would think there were a combi­nation unto prophaneneſſe; and therfore the wicked blaſphemouſ­ly think God is ſuch a one as them­ſelves. Not onely doth Order en­gage a ſucceſſion of judgment unto the ſeries of ſin, ſayling with the pleaſant of Gale proſperity, but alſo directeth the publication of Gods Law in promiſes and threats, to go49 before the execution of his diſplea­ſure. The Lord warneth before he wars, and alarms the wicked by his word before he abate their pride by his ſword, the days of divine debates, warnings, conviction and threats, are days wherein wrath is bridled, and juſtice reſtrained, and ſo long it is fair weather to the fou­leſt ſinner: on this account an hun­dred and twenty years of peace and proſperity paſſed on the old world, whilſt Noah the Preacher of righte­ouſneſſe, warned them of the ap­proaching refuge, and ſo long they did eat and drink, marry, and give in marriage, live in all ſenſuallity, and voluptuouſneſſe; and Jeruſa­lem ſate in peace,Jer. 44. ſo long as God ſent his meſſengers, riſing early, and ſending them. God is not ſo prepoſterous as man, he permits the wicked to fil up the meaſure of their ſin, ſpit all, even the utmoſt of their ſpight, and ſhew how vile50 they can be, & ſo long ſuffers them to proſper; & then ſheweth that he can curb & cut them down; he ſits ſtil whilſt his Heralds proclaim war ſūmons ſubmiſſion, ſollicite repen­tance, ſignifie diſpleaſure; and from this order God wil not be di­verted. And hence it is, that his providence doth attend the pro­phaneſt wretch.

The fourth and laſt wheel of providence, which bringeth pro­ſperity to the prophane,The fourth wheel of peovid. is due re­ſervation of them to the day of ven­geance: God hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the World in righteouſneſs,Act. 17.30. by the man Chriſt Jeſus, when he wil ren­der tribulation and anguiſh unto e­very one that doth wickedly; and unto this day the wrath of the Lord is referred, the wicked are reſerved, and the ungodly are not acquitted, though not yet pu­niſhed: Paternall correction and51 chaſtiſement is a courſorie expreſ­ſſion of anger unto the awe of chil­dren, and ſo paſſeth on the Godly every day, but judicial puniſhment tending to the death and deſtructi­on of the malefactor, is referred to the generall Sſſions of Goal de­livery: and till this time, men in priſon enjoy their liberty & ſport, and all due proviſions for ſupport of their being; Gods rod may fre­quently reach his children, but the Axe of his diſpleaſure is long e're it cut off the hainous Malefactor. God knoweth how to deliver the Godly out of temptation, but to reſerve the wicked unto the day of judgment. 2 Pet. 2.9. In the courſe of his pro­vidence he gives them all things neceſſary for the ſupport of theibeing, and ſignifying of his good­neſſe, that with the more of maje­ſty and juſtice, he may proceed to their puniſhment, and make them everlaſting monuments of his52 wrath: though the ſinner do evill an hundred times, yet God prolongeth his wrath, but at the long run it ſhal not go wel with the wicked, Eccl. 8.12, 13. God ſcorns to be at the trouble of correction to men appointed to condemnation, and foul his fingers with the daily chaſtiſements of perverſe rebellious caſtaways, he freely gives the Prodigall the por­tion, he muſt have, whilſt want, la­bour, lowring, and hardſhip at­tends the heir and ſon of his favor, he ſpareth, but doth not acquit though the heart of the wicked be full ſet in them to do evill, it is on­ly becauſe the ſentence is not ſpee­dily executed. Eccleſ. 8.11. The wicked flouriſh not in favour, but forbearance, ſcape Scot-free, be­cauſ the day of reckoning is not yet come: Solomon makes the memento of a day of judgment the youngſters bridle; and St. James makes it the check of Rich mens jollity; the53 young man may rejoyce, and walk in the ways of his own heart, but remember for all theſe things God will bring thee to judgment is his cooling-Card. Eccleſ. 11.9. The bitterneſſe of wicked mens beſt things is that in this life they have good things on earth, they live in pleaſure, but their riches cry for judgment, and they muſt be called to a reckoning; but untill the day approach the trumpet ſound the Judge be ſate, like ſecure priſoners they ſpend their days in ſport and ſecurity, as it was in the days of Noah, men were eating and drink­ing, marrying and giving in marri­age, untill the flood came; even ſo ſhall it be at the comming of the Son of man: the courſe of provi­dence muſt run till the laſt day de­termine it. Common proviſion muſt be made for Malefactors, till the Goal delivery deſtroy them. Man muſt not, and God will not54 judge before the time, therefore men ſin and ſuffer not, are profane and yet proſper.

We ſee then the firſt Reaſon carrying with it ſtrength of con­viction, and declaring good ground for the proſperity of the prophane men, the providence of God in it's common courſe doth diſpoſe it: and ſo long as this Chariot of Pro­vidence doth run on theſe wheels, the demonſtration of Gods power and ſoveraignity, the diſtribution of Gods goodneſs to his creatures, divine method and order, and the due reſervation of the wicked to the day of judgment. We muſt call the proud happy, and they that work wickedneſſe will be ſet up, and they that tempt God will be delive­red.

The 2d ground & Reaſon of the proſpering providences that attend the prophaneſt wretches, is the pati­ence of God which doth require it. God55 is a God of mercy, and his mercy is above all his works. Pſal. 145.9. God is ſlow to anger, and ready to forgive The execution of his wrath is his ſtrange work, in which hee ſeems no way dextrous, & is there­unto very ſlow: he forgiveth ini­quity, and forbeareth the ſinner, unto the utmoſt of his pity and patience, the whole courſe of his carriage towards the wicked is the comment upon, nay the very cur­rent of his patience and long ſuffe­rance; though he be a God of power and juſtice, that is able, in a moment to conſume with the breath of his noſtrills, yet he is very ſlow in, & backward unto the deſtruction of the wicked: of all his attributes God wil advance his goodneſſe and long ſufferance unto the acquit­tance of his power and ſeverity when extended, and aggravation of the wicked's torments, when damned; he therefore ſuffereth56 with long patience the veſ­ſells of wrath prepared unto de­ſtruction. Rom. 9.22. Hence it is that Iſrael commits horrid ſins with an high hand, offering incenſe to the Queen of Heaven and other gods, yet God ſuffers them to have plenty of victualls, and to ſee no evill, but it is only in his patience, until he provoked by their abomi­nations could no longer forbear. Jer. 44.22. God deferreth the deſtruction of the world, and day of judgment, untill the ſcoffers and mockers of the laſt times, taunting­ly demand where is the promiſe of his comming, and it is only becauſe he is longſuffering, not willing that any ſhould periſh, but that all ſhould come to repentance: wicked men defie his power, and dare his ju­ſtice by their pride & blaſphemies, yet he deferreth his judgments, they ſin with ſo high an hand, that57 ſober men wonder that the earth ſwalloweth them not up, and thunder bolts flie not about their ears, yet they abide in peace, a­bound in their hearts deſire, and are acquitted from thoſe com­mon calamities which befall the Godly; and God either ſuffers them in ſilence, or onely ſends his meſſengers, riſing early, and ſend­ing them to intreat that they would not do that great wicked­neſſe which his ſoul hateth; and all to ſhew his patience, and con­ſtrain them under his wrath, to confeſſe ſuch were their pro­vocations that he could no longer forbear: The wrath of God is to rage againſt the wicked and it is therefore re­ſtrained, that like ſmo­thered fire it may flame more furiouſly and the im­penitencie of the wicked a­gainſt, nay to the contempt of58 Gods goodneſſe, patience and long ſufferance is the treaſuring up of wrath againſt a day of wrath, and the Revelation of Je­ſus Chriſt: when the Lord a­riſeth to judgment he will roar out of Sion, and make the inha­bitants of the earth to tremble: he is like a Lion loath to be rou­zed, and long before hee bee provoked; ſo that becauſe God is, and will appeare excee­ding patient, his Macrothumia long ſufferance muſt be mag­nified, therefore do proſpering providences attend the pro­phaneſt wretches; and they who ſin to the higheſt pitch, are ſuf­fered to be happy to the utmoſt point of patience, that not bare juſtice, but provoked juſtice may be the principle of venge­ance, and men may bee convin­ced their deſtruction is of them­ſelves, their ſinnes were ſo da­ring59 that the holineſs of God could no longer forbear.

The third ground and reaſon of wicked mens ſucceſſe and pro­phane mens proſperity is. The pu­niſhment and probation of the Saints doth neceſſitate it: Gods gold muſt be tried, and children chaſtiſed, therefore the proud muſt be called happy, and they that work wicked­neſſe be ſet up: the wicked proſ­per in the world, and the current of providence is to their countenance and content, they flouriſh in wealth, grow great in power, poſſeſſe what ever the heart deſires accompliſh whatever they purpoſe, but not out of any favour to them, but frownes to the Godly, not for any grace that is in them, but the grief that muſt ſeize on Gods Iſraell: the wicked are Gods hand by which he reach­eth his children when running from him. The Rod of Gods anger by60 which he chaſtiſeth his hypocriti­call nation, his axe and ſaw where­by he hewes and ſquares his knot­ty ſtubborn people to a ſubmiſſion to his own will: the furnace whereby he purgeth away the droſſe and tin, and proveth the faith and patience of his poor ones, let the wicked think never ſo high­ly, and ſpeak never ſo arrogant­ly againſt God and his people, they are but inſtruments in his hand, to theffliction of the Saints: Babylon muſt needs ſit as a Queen in the height of glory, becauſe Zion muſt become deſolate and forſaken ſuch is the An­tipathy of Saints and ſinners that the mercy of the one is the mi­ſery of the other, the riſing of the one is the fall of the other: of all rods in Gods hand the proſperity of the wicked is the ſharpeſt, moſt dreadfull to Gods children: the ungodly becauſe of their arrogancy61 and cruelty are Gods ſcorpions, David in his choice well prayeth that God might deal with him im­mediately, not by the ſucceſs of his enemies; for the mercies of men are cruelty: Seven years fa­mine, or three days peſtilence were far more eaſie afflictions then three months flight before his e­nemies. Wicked men cannot ex­ecute God's anger on the godly, without the expreſſion of their own ſpite and wrath: God cannot be a little angry, but the Heathen helps forward the affliction of Iſra­el, Zach. 1.15. They Aſſyria-like inſult over Jeruſalem, with an As I have done unto Samaria, ſo will I do unto Jeruſalem; I have found as a neſt, the riches of the people, as one gathereth Eggs, ſo have I gather­ed all the earth, and there was none that moved the wing, They ſpeak proudly, and pvrpoſe cruelty, yet they forget that God only ſent them62 as a ſcourge againſt Jeruſalem, and to ſtrike them as with a ſtaffe to correct, not deſtroy: like Pekah the ſon of Remaliah they cannot be raiſed up to chaſtiſe their bre­thren, but they ſlay them with a rage which reacheth up to heaven, and purpoſe to keep the children of Judah and of Jeruſalem to be bond­men and bondwomen,2 Chron. 28.9.10. forgetting that they are brethren, though un­der the chaſtiſement of the Father, or that there are ſins amongſt them, even amongſt themſelves: Yet bee they never ſo cruel and churliſh, God will do his own work by them, they muſt ſucceed and pro­ſper, they muſt purpoſe and pre­vail, and the very cries of Gods Children wil not change this pro­vidence; they are under God's correcting hand and he will not ſpare for their roaring, in his own time he will abate their pride, becauſe the rod of the wicked63 muſt not lie always on the lot of the Righteous,Pſal. 125. and he will arraign the arrogancy of the Aſſyrian, with a Shal the axe boaſt it ſelf againſt him that heweth therewith, or the ſaw magnifie himſelf againſt him that ſhaketh it, as if the rod ſhould ſhake it ſelf againſt him that lifteth it up, or the ſtaffe ſhould lift up it ſelfe, as if it were no wood; but untill God have purged away ſin, he will cha­ſtiſe his ſons, and the rod which is intended for the fire muſt retain its ſharpneſs, and in the tryall of faith and patience the furnace muſt retain its glowing heat and brightneſs: It were well, if wick­ed men could ſay with Titus, Veſ­paſian at the deſtruction of Jeru­ſalem, we have but lent God our hand for however they perſecute the Godly in luſt, pride, and envy, they prevaile over them in love, and pity, as the rod on the back of a childe, therefore they have64 no ſuch reaſon to inſult and blaſ­pheme: the godly do not re­ſiſt them, becauſe they dare not ſtrive againſt the Father: Lying ſtill, not fretting, being quiet, wait­ing on God under the proſperity of the wicked: Is the demeanour required of good men under the proſperity of the wicked, the rod of God: let not the wicked blaſ­pheme God when their proſper­ing proivdences ſucceed their profaneneſs, and ſeems to be the reſult of their Ahab-like faſts, hu­miliations, and prayers, for let them know they prevail not be­cauſe God heareth their prayers, but he wrappeth himſelfe, as in a cloud, and ſhutteth out the prayers of his own people: If once the faith of God's people be but found unto praiſe and honour, the light of the wicked ſhall be put out, and when God ſhall ceaſe to chaſtiſe his children, then ſhall they no more be afraid of the Aſſyrian, who muſt be brought down and confounded, and till then we muſt not wonder that the proud are cal­led happy, they that work wick­edneſs are ſet up, and they that tempt God are even delivered.

The fourth and laſt reaſon and ground of the proſpering providen­ces that attend the prophaneſt wretches, is provoked juſtice doth enforce it: God's anger doth or­dinarily enforce affliction, but he is moſt auſtere when he ſtays his correcting hand. Croſs providen­ces do ordinarily attend Gods children when all ſeems quiet and favourable to his ſlaves and ene­mies. Corrections are pledges of adoption, and badges of ſonſhip. One ſon God hath without ſin, not one without ſorrow; but in­deed God corrects none but his own: he chaſtiſeth every ſon that he receiveth: and paternall affli­ction66 is but the reſult of his affecti­on ſo long as God doth chaſtiſe corruptions; and correct our de­viations he demonſtrates pity to us, and on purpoſe to do us good. Job makes it a favour of great con­deſcention to be admired, What is man that thou viſiteſt him every morning, and trieſt him every mo­ment, Job. 7.17, 18. And correcti­on is a courteſie to be craved at Gods hand, Jer. 10.24 where God is at pain of correction hee purpoſeth not a rejection: Caſting out of Gods houſe and family is dreadfull and ſad, when caſting down under Gods hand is full of love and pity,Iſa. 21.4 faithfulneſs and truth: The Lord may ſmite Iſrael, and yet ſay fury is not in me, but his wrath rageth, and juſtice is much provoked when he crieth out, why ſhould you be ſmitten any more,ſa. 1.5. The ſon of moſt liberty and leaſt ſmart is uſually the child of67 higheſt diſpleaſure. Whom God moſt cockereth he moſt correcteth but if affliction be not felt, then are we bastards and not ſons: now af­fliction is either a note of no rela­tion unto God, or of ſevere reje­ction by God; if God ceaſe to ſcourge a ſon, it is in ſevere anger to let him take his ſwinge in wick­edneſs to the loſſe of Fathers bleſ­ſing and inheritance: The ſaddeſt eſtate of Iſrael was when God profeſſeth he would ceaſe from his anger: and let Ephraim alone when joined to Idols; Gods rage can on­ly roar out this language, I will make my fury towards thee to reſt, and my jealouſie ſhall depart from thee, and I will be quiet and bee no more angry, Ezek. 16.42. And I will not puniſh your daughters, when they commit whoredome, nor your ſpouſes when they commit adultery, Hoſ. 4.14. Origen quoting this ſcripture crieth out vis indignan­tis68 Dei, vocem terribilem audire, will you hear the terrible voyce of God, hear it here, I will not puniſh: The profane like fooliſh children think their fathers quietneſs the to­ken of his favour; they are well pleaſed when profaneneſs paſſeth uncontrouled, and impiety uncor­rected, when Gods ſilence ſeconds and gives way to their loud cry­ing ſins? they crie mercy, mercy, but Bernard calleth it Miſericordi­am omni indignatione Crudelio­rem, a cruell courteſie, a killing kindneſs to let the child play with the candle till burned, and the knife till ſtabbed: Vatablus inter­preteth thoſe words in Ezek. 3.20. I will lay a ſtumbling block before him: I will proſper him and not by affliction reſtrain him, can wee conſider proſperity to be the prin­ciple and ſpring of Atheiſme, ir­religion, and profaneneſſe; there­fore pride compaſſeth them, they ſet68 their mouth againſt heaven, &c. Pſal. 73.6. and conclude it a mer­cy to be proſperous; It is the miſerable mercy of the Gentiles whom God gave up unto a repro­bate mind and vile affections to do thoſe things which were not conve­nient to be filled with all unrighte­ouſneſs and fornication wickedneſs &c. Rom. 1.28, 29. An eſtate of ſo great diſpleaſure that the children of God rather chuſe affliction and crie with Luther, Feri, Domine feri, ſtrike Lord ſtrike, and ſpare not: or with Jeremiah, Correct mee O Lord; however the wicked boaſt of Gods good pleaſure, when they run into high prophane­neſſe and juſtice regards not to reſtrain, then wee cannot but read of them, that they are Baſtards and not ſons, and ſo have no relation to God; Chaſtiſement is domeſtick diſ­cipline:70 or elſe they are deſigned to a wrathful rejection, they have provoked him ſo far with their pride and ſtubborneſſe, that hee will no longer bee troubled to correct them, or attempt to reduce them; but let them take their ſwinge and runne their Career of profane­neſſe unto their own ruine, let them ſwear and lye, commit adultry, deal falſly, do what they will, they ſhall not for him be check'd or croſſed; for hee in his wrath hath caſt them off, and will have no more to do with them, till in judgement he crie Go yee curſed into Hell fire, pre­pared for the Divell and his Angells: So not pity and good will, but provoked juſtice doth enforce the proſperity of pro­phane men; God is moſt angry, when moſt ſilent,71 and ſtriketh leaſt.

Thus then you have the que­ſtion reſolved, and ſee how it comes to paſs, that it goeth ſo well with the wicked; and if wee attend the courſe of Gods providence; bee affected with the working of Gods pa­tience; aſſent unto the Saints Chaſtiſements and tryalls, and apprehend the higheſt expreſ­ſions of provoked fury: wee ſee ſatisfying reaſons and grounds why proſpering providences fre­quently attend the prophaneſt wretches, and ſhall ceaſe to wonder that the proud are cal­led happy, they that worke wic­kedneſſe are ſet up, and they that tempt God are even deli­vered.

Having thus explained and con­firmed the doctrine, I ſhall now paſſe unto the application of it, and although it might be largely uſefull; I ſhall contract all in­to one generall uſe of inſtru­ction, to teach us to demean and carrie as thoſe that are convinced, that proſpering pro­vidences do frequently attend the prophaneſt wretches. Principles muſt be the ground of practice, and perſwaſions muſt enforce o­bedience: do we then ſee that they call the proud happy, and they that work wickedneſſe are ſet up, and they that tempt God are even delivered: Let it bee our care to walk in the ſence of this courſe of providence, and car­ry ſuitably to ſo clear demon­ſtration of profane mens pro­ſperity, and eſpecially in learn­ing, and daily exerciſing theſe three leſſons or duties.

Firſt, favour no cauſe or perſon, follow no courſe of life as approved of, and acceptable to GOD,73 becauſe ſeconded with proſpering pro­vidences in this world.

2. Find not contentment in the proſpering providences of this life.

3. Fret not at the proſperity of the wicked, even of the worſt of men.

Of theſe in order, and firſt of the firſt.

1. If proſpering providences do frequently attend the prophaneſt wretches, then favour you no cauſe, follow no courſe as approved of, and and acceptable to God, becauſe ſecon­ded with proſpering providences in this world. Make not providence an argument of defence and juſti­fication to any cauſe, or yet a ground of beliefe, and imbrace­ment to any courſe of life; do not determine this or that principle, profeſſion or practice to be true be­cauſe not troubled, and good becauſe ſucceſſefull. The providences of74 God are in our much age obſerved & made mention of; I wiſh they be not more then admired, even pro­phanely advanced, to palliate pro­phaneſſe, and impoſe impiety on others. How many that act horrid impieties, unparalleld wickedneſs, ſubverting foundations, ſupplant­ing laws, deſtroying liberties, uſur­ping authority, deſpiſing domini­ons, ſpeaking evill of dignities, trampling on truth, contemning ordinances, laying waſt the Church, advancing errors, hereſies ſchiſms, deſpiſing and deſpiting Gods Mi­niſters, violating ſacred vows and blaſpheming moſt ſolemne oaths and Covenants; and in their En­terpriſes meeting with ſucceſſe: proceeding with proſperity; do with impudence cry, providence, providence, as the plea of defence to their damned courſes, and con­clude their horrid prophaneſs to be the Good Old Cauſe, even the Cauſe75 of God and Religion, with all fer­vor impoſing it on others, & char­ging ignorance, unbelief, and ob­ſtinacy on all ſuch as ſay not, all is well done, and do not ſtrike hands with them in their ungodlineſſe: whilſt they adminiſter no light, nor urge any argument, ſave ſucceſſe and proſperity: ſure theſe men do forget that we call the proud Happy, and they that work wickedneſſe are ſet up: nor is there any more of ſtrength in their praying, faſting, and humilation, that religious run­ning into prophaneſſe, and making piety the Prologue of their wicked undertakings; whilſt they that tempt God are even delivered.

Let me not be miſtaken, I would not diſown or in the leaſt degrade the providences of God; I know they are to be obſerved and dreaded by ſuch as feare God; there muſt be in all godly hearts a demeanor and frame of ſpirit, ſuitable to di­vine76 providence; the ſucceſſe and proſperity of men in the world doth digitate and direct ſomething of duty to Gods Children: but whilſt providence is to bee obſer­ved it is not to be obeyed againſt any precept. Whilſt it is to be improved it muſt be our care it be not miſ­improved, and whilſt we wait to hear & ſee Gods mind in a provi­dence, we muſt not make it to ſpeak the uncertain ſound of our own fancies, and pointblank contrary to Gods wil in his word. I would that providencbe uſed, not abuſed, and duely argued, but not made to conclude what the promiſes of ſuc­ceſſe and proſperity will not con­clude: let me therefore (unto the guiding you unto the due obſerva­tion and Chriſtian improvement of providences, ſucceſſe and proſ­perity) deſire you to keep this golden Rule in mind, and have it always at hand in changeable times77 and under variety of providences, viz.

Gods providence doth de­termine our condition, but not defend any cauſe, or di­ctate any courſe of life.

Providence is the explication of Gods mind. Concerning our enjoy­ments, not our endeavours, and are to convince: this is the eſtate wee muſt enjoy or endure, not theſe are the principles we muſt believe, and practice we muſt imbrace; Gods providence is no Rule to know by, no Rule to go by. It was never in­tended to be a line of deciſion in doubtfull controverſies; or a Rule of direction in difficult caſes; it is in­deed a good Dictator to our paſſi­ons but no direction to our actions; the due and diligent obſerver of providence ſeeth what to fear, and what to deſire, when to mourn, and when to rejoyce, and how to lye low and how to be lifted up under78 the hand of God: but not what to believe in matters of faith, and act in matters of Religion: I deny not the change of Gods people, under changing providences: but muſt have this change under­ſtood to be a change not of princi­ples but paſſion, not piety and Re­ligion, but particular acts of piety (that not in ſubſtance and matter, but method and order:) Gods pro­vidence doth ſometimes call to weeping,Iſai. 22.12. and mourning, and cloath­ing in ſackcloth; and ſometimes to joy and gladneſſe, and feaſting be­fore the Lord; and he that anſwe­reth not this Call of Providence, with the change of his demeanour is prophane and liable to divine plagues: yet he that improves this providence to the caſting off Re­ligion,Pſal. 44.17. and forſaking the Covenant of God is blaſphemous and irreligi­ous, & degenerated from the Saints of old, who could cleave to Gods79 Covenant under the greateſt of croſſes, whilſt then we fear before God, and obſerve his providence, as diſpoſing all affairs under the Sun: we muſt not favour any cauſe becauſe ſucceſsfull nor follow any courſe of life, becauſe proſperous for we muſt know,

1. Precept not providence is the Rule of direction unto the people of God Their enquiry is, what doth God ſpeak, not what doth God ſuc­ceed, God hath publiſhed his word and preſcribed it to be the Rule of life and manners, and hath bound his people to the determination thereof. Matters of faith and Re­ligion have ever been poſitive and preſcribed by the word, and not left to the uncertain determinati­on of providence: the Gentiles may be left to the guidance of the ſtars, and determinations of Hea­vens influence, but Gods Iſrael have••ws, statutes, Ordinances, and com­mandements80 which they muſt ob­ſerve, & fare it as it wil wth their cō­ditiō, they muſt not turn to the right hand or the left hand, from Gods de­clared will. Deut. 5.32.1.11.28.14.No change of provi­dence muſt carry them from poſi­tive commands; their very King the ſubject of higheſt proſperity, muſt have the Law written and therein read daily, and Rule the people not by the impulſe or inſti­gation of providence, but thoſe poſitive preſcriptions: in doubtful caſes Iſrael muſt appeal to the Prieſt, and have the controverſie decided by the Law, but we never read of any appeal to providence directed or allowed: to the Law and to the teſtimony,Deut. 17, 17. if they ſpeak not according to this word, it is be­cauſe there is no light in them. Iſa. 8.20. In the moſt dark eſtate that that ever befell Iſrael, they are di­rected to the word, not works of God to uphold their faith, and di­rect81 their converſation. Remember the Law of Moſes my ſervant wh ill I commanded him in Horeb for a Iſrael, with the ſtatutes & judgments,Mal. 4.4. was the counſell of God to Iſrael untill the comming of the Meſſiah; and he leavs not Chriſtian faith on the changable wheel of providence but committed it to writing, that it might be a ſtandard of doctrine, and Rule of life. Theſe things are written, that we may believe. Joh. 20.31. And peace is to be on as many as walk according to the writ­ten Rule. Gal. 6.16. No gracious heart ever yet durſt decline the word of God to be directed by works of providence. Ahabs ma­jeſty, his Prophets harmony,1 King. 22.13, 14. friends perſwaſion, and fear of adverſity, have no influence on Micaiah to turn him from the word of the Lord; he will ſpeak what the Lord ſpeak­eth.

Nay Balaam the falſe Prophet82 however ſwayed by the proſpering providence put into his hand, and purſuing the wages of unrighteouſ­neſſe, dares notut proteſt againſt the influence of providence a ſubje­ction to the word of God; The word that God putteth into my mouth, that will I ſpeak, Numb. 22.38. The Barbarians may bottome their per­ſwaſions of Paul,Act. 26.6.14.11, 12. upon the ſucceſſe of the Viper; and the Lycaoni­ans ſtir up their ſuperſtition by the miraculous providences that at­tend the Apoſtles,17.11. but the noble Bereans regard neither the one nor the other; But ſearch the Scipture, and bottome their faith on the Word of God: he that weigheth Religion in the ballance of provi­dence, forſakethhe ballance of the Sanctuary; God never intends by providence to juſte our precepts, and to make his word of none effect. Let Mhomet cudgell, Chr•••J••us will convince his diſciples, and by83 his word witneſſe his truth, when providences run never ſo croſſe: to mannage a cauſe with appeals to providence, is to manifeſt a want of, or a weakneſſe in the word of God: and put the controverſie on that courſe that giveth no aſſurance of deciſion; having never been appointed to that end: to embrace any courſe becauſe it proſpereth, is to forſake the law of the Lord, as rude and uncertain; and blaſphe­mouſly to tempt God, by a courſe on which no faith can be founded, for that no promiſe is made unto it: obedience to the word is ma­nifeſted, when works of provi­dence do run counter and contrary thereunto: the appeal of comfort to the ſoul, and honour to God and his truth is, all this is come upon us, yet have we not forgotten thee, nor dealt falſly in thy Covenant. Our heart is not turned back, neither have our ſteps declined from thy84 way. Pſal. 44.17, 18. Let profane men practiſe their evill purpoſes and proſper in their evill practiſes and plead providence providence; their blaſphemie may afflict us but their plea carrieth no perſwaſion, or force to him that feareth God, & obeyeth the voice of his ſervants: one; it is written, is of more weight to a gracious ſoul, then hundreds of victories, and a ſeries of proſpe­rity: for indeed to determine di­vine allowance, by good or bad ſucceſſe of any cauſe, or approve, or diſapprove any courſe of life by it's externall providence, that at­tend it, is to deny and determine in direct contradiction not onely to the experiences of the Church; but expreſſions and maxims of Scripture, which are multiplyed to our eſtabliſhment againſt the force of this very temp­tation: as, Bleſſed are the poor; theirs is the Kingdome85 of God. Bleſſed are they that hunger and thirſt, for they ſhall be fed: bleſſed are they that weep for they ſhall laugh, and bleſſed are they that men ſhall hate, ſeparate from their company, and reproach, and caſt out their name for evill, for the Son of mans ſake: ſuch were the true Prophets: great is their reward: but, on the contrary: Wo is unto the rich the full, and thoſe of whom all men ſpeak well. Luk. 6. For ſuch were the falſe Prophets of old: and again we muſt through many tribulations, enter into the Kingdome of Heaven. Acts 14.22. And the poor of this World, Rich in faith, God hath choſen: And the like all which are of no uſe if the current of common providence muſt be the ground of conviction, or guide of con­verſation, nay our Saviour doth ſo ſarr diſcountenance86 appeals to, and approbation of any cauſe by providence and ſuc­ceſſe, that he will not work miracles to convert ſouls or en­force faith. When the Jewiſh Sectaries call for a ſign, and re­ſolve their converſion in ſome pompous, outward, and glorious ſhew, the Lord denieth a ſign, and referreth to the ſign of Jonah, dictated in holy writ: nay, and cautioneth all men to take heed of ſigns, wonders, and lying mira­cles, which are the arguments of Antichriſt, to out-face the Scrip­ture. Mat. 24.24. 2 Theſ 1.9. John Huſs (out of Iſiidore, Chri­ſoſtome, Gregorie, and Auguſtine) hath long ſince rendered the Reaſon why miracles have cea­ſed in the Church, and are onely found in favour of the falſe Prophet and Antichriſt, [viz.] becauſe the Church of Chriſt must be perſecuted,87 and ſeem abject, vile and for­ſaken: and muſt overcome by confeſſin of the truth, by ho­lineſſe, and ſhining in good works; by love and patience, and not by power: but Antichriſt muſt ſway all; and have full power to perſecute; and Hypocrites who look after Temporals more then Eternalls muſt be diſcovered, and the true Saints tryed, and Car­nliſts bee juſtly puniſhed with that ſnare of ſpecious ſignes, and convincing providences. So that if we will not throw away our Bibles, diſown Scripture, and make divine preceps and preſcriptions of none effect: let us never dare to appeal to pro­vidence whih may fall on the ſide of the moſt prophane; let us never ſay this courſe is pleaſig to God, becauſe pleaſing to the men that deviſe and purſue it: this God al oweth88 becauſe he proſpereth; but this he diſalloweth becauſe there­to he diſappeareth theſe are Saints, their prayers ſucceed: but theſe are ſinners,Lam 3.44. for God wrappeth himſelf as in a cloud, and ſhutteth out their prayers: for pre­cept not providence is the Rule preſcribed by the Lord, and by it we ſee The proud are called Hap­py, &c.

motive. 2Providence made a Rule doth expoſe us to uncertainty of per­ſwaſion and unconſtany in pro­feſſion of Religion. Faith ought to be fixed; and conſtancie in it,is the honour of any profeſſion:2 Tim. 1.13. 1 Cor. 15.58. holding faſt the form of ſound words and being ſtedfaſt and unmove­able, alway abounding in the worke of the Lord is the dutie and due property of a true beleever but forſaking the89 right rule is the way to conſtant wandring; declining the ſtan­dard of truth doth expoſe us to inevitable fluctuation and deviati­on: The admirers of the Moon, and obſervers of the wheels mo­tion, muſt needs be ſubject unto Changes: variety of providences muſt needs ingender variety of perſwaſions by the orders thereof: ſuch as ſee by no light or ſail by no compaſſe but by ſucceſs, muſt needs (like the waves of the Sea) be tumbled and toſſed to and fro. The returns of this wheel runs men on moſt palpable, and ſhame, full contradictions: for if ſucceſs be the line of deciſion, the ſame cauſe is to day good, becauſe pro­ſperous, to morrow evill becauſe ad­verſe, to day godlineſs is gain, and to morrow gain ſhal be Godlineſs, ſometime the Righteous are in ho­nour, but anon, the Honourable are the Righteous: how ſoon do90 ſuch men change their Tune, who conclude providence to bee Gods voice. Was it not this that led men in all ages unto ſinful, ſhameful, un­conſtancy;2 Sam. 7, 8, 19.19, 20, the ſame Shimei that to day curſeth David becauſe ad­verſe, is the firſt that to morrow cometh down and meeteth him with bleſſing,1 King. 18.40. becauſe returned with victory: They that in Ahab rage fall down before Baal in Elijahs ſucceſſfull reſolution, pull down Ba­all, and deſtroy his Prieſts. Provi­dence engageth the ſame mouth to ſing Hoſannah to him that commeth in the name of the Lord; That to morrow crieth Crucifie him, Crucifie him: ſuch as conform their Religion to out­ward providence, ſhape a coat for the Moon; and like Baldwinus of whom Beza ſpeaks, will have Religionem Ephemeram, an every days Religion, ab his ad iſtos, ab­illis ad hos leviter iens aut tranſi­ens:91 eaſily turning hither or thither as the Apoſtle Peter contending a­gainſt, & anon conſtraining again to the ceremonies of the Jews: like the Samaritans,Gal. 2.14 brethren to Iſrael when favoured, but ſtrangers and foes, when frowned on by Alexan­der: Like Eccebolius a Chriſtian in time of Conſtantinus, an Infidell and Pagan in the time of Julian the Apoſtate: and again, a Chri­ſtian on his death, changing his Religion with the Emperour, like the Melchites (a kind of mongrill Chriſtians) who would be of the Kings Religion: as thoſe in 2 Kin. 17. Who feared the Lord and ſer­ved other gods, feared the Lord that plagued them, and ſerved o­ther gods which pleaſed the King: ſo that luke warmneſs and fluctu­ation of Spirit, and change, is the reſult of making outward preſent providences, the reaſon of our aſ­ſent and diſſent to any cauſe or92 courſe: Providence is a brave principle of Skepticiſme, and a bar to Martyrdom: Our age is indeed an age of providences to be admi­red, and Skepticiſme to be abo­minated: They make indeed few and very few, Martyrs, ſome­times with hands lifted up to hea­ven, we vow and Covenant to God, and preſently caſt off our Covenant as an old Almanack out of date. One while we have zeal againſt Schiſmes and Hereſies, and anon Toleration Of all profeſ­ſions is the onely note of ſanctity: we cannot keep conſtant in our very Civills onely; while we ſee God will have us ruled by a ſingle perſon, and to him we baſely bow, and again, by a republick, and for that we can engage and vow, wee eaſily ſwear and promiſe faithful­neſs to any faction, for wee do it on the principle of its preſent pro­ſperity, and look not on our fideli­ty93 as due, longer then it ſucceeds: if it but begin to tumble we may break promiſe, and with violence throw it down: how ſad have been the revolutions, our eyes have ſeen: how ſhamefull the changes of men among whom we live? is not un­conſtancy a ſin, a ſhame, and ſad tor­ment to humane ſpirits: Muſt men be like children, toſſed to and fro with every wind? Like waves of the Sea, always rowling never reſting? conſtancy, even in evill is more commendable then tepi­dity and Lukewarmneſs. I would you were either hot or cold. Is Chriſt his own deſire of Luke­warm Laodicea. And if Baal bee God follow him, Is Elijah his ad­vice to haling Iſrael, leſs hatefull are they to God that ſerve him not at all, then they that ſerve him with a rivall, ſaith Biſhop Hall, the Prophet rebuketh Iſraell, not ſo much for their ſuperſtition, as unſettledneſs94 and irreligion. How long will ye halt between two opinions? Peters compliance with the pro­ſpering providence of the cir­cumciſion was with ſtood to his face by the Apoſtle Paul: to go upright in a wrong way, is a leſs eye-ſore to God, then to halt be­twixt right and wrong: ſhall not Ecebolius proclaim himſelf by his providentiall changes unſavory ſalt? is not Chriſt failed, and Chriſtian Religion ſupplanted by unconſtancy? Is Martyrdom a duty, or dignity? when to bee done and enjoyed? If providence muſt guide our courſe, nor is there more ſhame and ſin then ſorrow in the minds uncertainty, and af­fections in ſtability, its not onely better in the end but very enjoy­ment, there cannot bee a greater miſery then for a man to be a bur­den & terror to himſelfe: They (ſaith Cal.) who teach a doctrine of95 doubting exercent carnificinā ani­marum. Keep conſcience on the Rack, and leave men to the torment of their own diſtracted thoughts. He (ſaith one) that cheriſheth his own doubts,Mant non James 2.1.6. doth but hugg a di­ſtemper inſtead of a duty: ſo long then as following providence leads us unto perplexing propbane inconſtancy: let us to the Law and teſtimony, and know rebellion is rebellion, though ſucceſsfull, and Skepticiſm in Religion, the ſhame of Chriſtianity though accounted the Saints moderation: Lawfull authority the object of loyallty and fidellity, even when oppreſſed and ejcted: Let us cleave to the Covenant of God againſt all chan­ges of providences, Communicati­on, perſwſion or terrors whatſoe­ver though it coſt us never ſo der: whilſt this age affords few Martyrs; Let it bee our Emulati­on to be of the number of thoſe96 few, however the wheel of provi­dence doth alter, diſpoſe, and change our condition; let us cleave to the Word, and bee con­ſtant in an holy converſation to­wards God and towards men;

motive. 3But again, ſuch as ſavour any cauſe, and follow any courſe be­cauſe of its proſpering provi­dence: fall into an impudent and blaſphemous courſe of ſin. Pro­phaneneſs is the naturall product of marching after proſpering pro­vidence, what impiety doth not iſſue from the proſperity of the prophane? Leads it not unto all cruelty, oppreſſion, injuſtice, and tyranny among men? Jam. 2.6 5.5, 6. pride, ſecurity, and ſenſualli­ty in themſelves? Pſal 73.6. Nay, Atheiſme and irreligion, and open contempt of God and Godlineſs: when we call the proud happy, and they that work wickedneſs are ſet up, Mal. 3.17. Do not men ſay it is97 vain to ſerve God: proſpering providences do many times feed Atheiſme, as it's very blood who would thimk there were a God? is the old obſervation of the oppreſſed juſt men, among the heathen: for the wicked ſucceeding ſay there is no God, he doth not regard, or he is altogether blaſphemous,Pſal. 10.11 and ſaith God is ſuch an one as our ſelvs,Pſa. 50.21. and he abetteth our undertakings, and delivereth us to work theſe abominations:Jer. 7.7. and ſo the wicked wax impudent in their impiety, becauſe ſentence against an evill work is not ſpeedily executed, there­fore the heart of the ſons of men is fully ſet in them to do evill, Eccl. 8.11. So that whoever ſhall make providence the Principle of his perſwaſion, and guide of his con­verſation muſt make prophaneneſs his courſe, and Atheiſme his Reli­gion. What daring impieties have been deviſed, purſued, and effected98 by ſuch as crie up providence for their guide? What open procla­mation is made of divine pro­vidence, when men deviſe miſ­chief, and enter upon it with holy faſting, and return from it with holy feaſting? Oh the blaſphemie of Jazabells faſt! ſolemnly to im­plore divine help and favour, on treaſon, rebellion, perfidie, perju­ry, and all prophaneneſs: Muſt not this needs ſpeak that theſe men think that God is like themſelvs: faith only can under